Tuesday 21 May 2013

Egyptian Art part5

Egyptian Art part5
 
The first generation of modern Egyptian artists was driven by a renewed appreciation of their national patrimony and the return to ancient pharaonic art. In painting, it was apparentin the symbolic references derived from ancient Egypt or rural life.
 
 
They used calligraphy and geometric design to convey spiritual and political messages in decorative or abstract styles, a trend that is known in Arab and some Islamic countries as the Calligraphic School of Art.

Egyptian artists often work within one of three directions:

1. historic and national themes.

2. political themes mainly related to the West's and Israel's attitudes towards different Arab states.

3. emotionally, expressive motifs.

Although the Egyptians did aim for great aesthetic levels in their art, they did not create masterpieces for the simple pleasure of admiring them. The most incredible change of artistic values occurred during a very prosperous age.
 
 
 
This image is an inspiration of Egyptian Art as it is clearly shown from the colours and shapes. It has bright colours in which it is an aspect of a modernized model or painting.
 
The Nile is also a very recurring aspect of Egyptian culture and beliefs, a sign of fertility, but also in Egyptian contemporary art. Mythological stories from Ancient Egypt often use the Nile as the center of the story, and so do Egyptian contemporary artists.
 
Bibliography:
Contemporary Art in Egypt - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. 2013. Contemporary Art in Egypt - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. [ONLINE] Available at: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contemporary_Art_in_Egypt. [Accessed 21 May 2013].
 
 
 
 

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Egyptian Art part4

Egyptian Art part4
 
The Egyptians had several important symbolisms such as form, hieroglyphs, size, location, material, action and gesture. These types of symbolism maybe primary or secondary. The secondary form of symbolism is when it is transferred indirectly. Hieroglyphs were used in the design and production of various objects.
 
Hieroglyphs
In the cartouches of Horemheb, a number of figures can be seen as ideographic representations of a figure or object in the form of a hieroglphic sign, such as the hawk and the scarab, among others
 
While visual metaphor is relatively infrequent, visual analogy is especially common in Egyptian Art. The sizes of the people that were drawn, were given its importance by hiearchy which means that the most important people were drawn bigger than the other ones that were not important such as the slaves.
Metals were very symbolic in ancient Egypt because they were very precious.
 
The interior surfaces of the coffins were sometimes painted with the offerings made to the dead, ensuring that these would continue in the afterlife.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 













Bibliography:
Egypt: Ancient Egyptian Symbolism, The Forms and Functions. 2013. Egypt: Ancient Egyptian Symbolism, The Forms and Functions. [ONLINE] Available at: http://www.touregypt.net/featurestories/symbolism2.htm. [Accessed 21 May 2013].
Egyptian Art: Sculpture, Painting, Relief Carvings, Architecture: History, Styles, Techniques in Ancient Egypt. 2013. Egyptian Art: Sculpture, Painting, Relief Carvings, Architecture: History, Styles, Techniques in Ancient Egypt. [ONLINE] Available at: http://www.visual-arts-cork.com/ancient-art/egyptian.htm#painting. [Accessed 21 May 2013].
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Egyptian Art part2

Egyptian Art part2
 
The Egyptians painted on flat surfaces. Several ancient Egypt paintings survived due to Egypt's dry climate. The paintings were intended to be used for the deceased people. Some of the earliest tombs had small models of the slaves, animals, buildings and objects.  

 
 
 Murals were quite famous for decorating the buildings of ancient Egypt. Large paintings were done by a team work, each person specializing on one aspect. Pharaohs, gods, and goddesses were the main subjects of the works of art of the Egyptians. They were considered as divine.Vertical and horizontal reference lines were also use by the Ancient Egyptian artists to maintain the correct proportions in their work.  





Bibliography:
Ancient Egypt: Art. 2013. Ancient Egypt: Art. [ONLINE] Available at: http://oi.uchicago.edu/OI/MUS/ED/TRC/EGYPT/art.html. [Accessed 20 May 2013].
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Egyptian Art part3

Egyptian Art part3
 
The preoccupation with death and funeral art is now turning out to be a great help to the fields of Egyptian Archeology and Egyptian mythology, as well as to other scientists and artists. Funeral art is revealing more and more secrets about health, trade, food, and other aspects of life in ancient Egypt with the use of cutting edge technology.

Some of the materials theat the Egyptians used were: Clay,Wood,Metal,Ivory,Stone – (Hard Stone)- quartzite, diorite, granite, and basalt. Soft stone – sandstone, calcite and schist.

Wood – artists also used a variety of woods in their work. – Native acacia, tamarisk, and sycamore fig as well as fir, cedar and other conifers imported from Syria.



Metal – Also executed pieces in various of different metals – copper, copper alloys (bronze), gold, and silver.

Faience – many objects, like small amulets and inlays, were made from Egyptian faience.
Stone was the most lavish and permanent. Available in a wide variety of colours and hardness.
Some materials were imported from all around and some were from local surroundings.

They used to carve on softer stones and when it was done, they used copper chisels and stone tools: copper alloys, and abrasive sand to shape them.


Polishing stone was achieved with a smooth rubbing stone and abrasive sands with a fine grit.
 
Egyptian sculpture has two qualities that are distinctive, it can be characterized as cubic and frontal.


These were some of their tools they they used to carve with and measure.








Bibliography:
Egyptvoyager.com: Development of Ancient Egyptian Art. 2013. Egyptvoyager.com: Development of Ancient Egyptian Art. [ONLINE] Available at: http://www.egyptvoyager.com/artcrafts_egyptianart_mainpage.htm. [Accessed 21 May 2013].
What is ancient Egyptian art?. 2013. What is ancient Egyptian art?. [ONLINE] Available at: http://www.digitalegypt.ucl.ac.uk/art/whatisaeart.html. [Accessed 21 May 2013].



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Egyptian Art


Egyptian Art
 
Egyptian Art started around 5 thousand years ago.  Art developed in Egypt from 3000BC until the 3rd Century. In Egypt they used to have hieroglyphs that were symbols engraved, such as are seen in the picture on the right. Their painting had the bodies of the people looking forward while their faces would be looking right or left-from profile in which in reality is almost impossible to do.

 
Egyptian art was for purposes and it played a significant part on the gods and the dead people.
 
 
This image above shows a painting that the Egyptians did and it has some characteristics that only the Egyptians do such as the people from the profile but their bodies facing us. They used several colours for their paintings suc as yellow, blue, orange, green, brown, black and white.

Egyptian art includes: paintings, sculptures and architecture. Also the culture, the characteristics and the development included in the Egyptian Art. The painting was really symbolic, even the sculptures. They used to make a lot of symbolisms such as the Pharaoh's Regalia that was symbolized to his power to maintain order.

The colours tat they used were more expressive than natural, for example the red skin was referred to the youngsters while yellow skin was used for women or middle-aged men who worked indoors and the blue or gold indicated divinity because it was unnatural in the appearance.  
 
 

Egyptian art fors are characterized by depiction of gods, humans, heroic battles and nature. The Egyptians preserved everything from the past. The Egyptians were consistent in representing the gods, pharaoh's, man and nature for thousands of years.

 
 
Bibliography:
 

Art of ancient Egypt - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. 2013. Art of ancient Egypt - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. [ONLINE] Available at: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Art_of_ancient_Egypt. [Accessed 20 May 2013].
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The Pre-Raphaelites

The Pre-Raphaelites
 
The pre-raphaelites constituted the modern art movement. Some of thie pre-raphaelites members were:  John Everett Millais , William Holman hunt and Dante Gabriel Rossetti. ''Pre-raphaelite,'' means both literature and art and so it was a bit confusing as both movements were the opposite of each other.


These people were inspired by Italian art of the 14th and 15th Century.
 
 
 
The Academy's founding president was Sir Joshua Reynolds. The work of the Pre-raphaelites was intensely sharp, flattened forms and with a lack of shadows. Some of the artists were in a brotherhood, although the experienced didn't serve much to unite them. In the 1850's, the brotherhood dissolved but some of the artists still remained friends and worked together for the rest of their career.
 
The pre-raphaelites began to décor more their works and by so they started to be more interested in decorative arts. The movement ,''Arts and Crafts,'' unified the arts in the 1880's and took place in England.
 
 
Bibliography:
Lecture's notes
Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood -- Encyclopedia Britannica. 2013. Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood -- Encyclopedia Britannica. [ONLINE] Available at: http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/474248/Pre-Raphaelite-Brotherhood. [Accessed 02 May 2013].
The Pre-Raphaelites | Thematic Essay | Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History | The Metropolitan Museum of Art. 2013. The Pre-Raphaelites | Thematic Essay | Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History | The Metropolitan Museum of Art. [ONLINE] Available at: http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/praf/hd_praf.htm. [Accessed 20 May 2013].

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Abstract Expressionism

Abstract Expressionism
 
 
It emerged in the 1940's in New York. Some of the artists began in the 1930's. Some paintings hadn't much effort done in them, they weren't all abstract or expressive.The word, ''Abstract Expressionism,'' was first used by Robert Coates.

This movement was held during the World War 2. Abstract Expressionism was also used in Germany and not only in America. This was regarding to German Expressionism. Alfred Barr was the first person to use the term, ''Abstract Expressionism.''

Hans Hofmann used to make colourful canvases. The work of the artists was linked to give strong emotional and expressive content. Abstract Expressionism was primarily used for painters but it was also used in the sculptures of David Smith, Ibram Lassaw and some others as well.

This type of art was the first American visual art to gain status and influence. The pioneers of this movement were:  Jackson Pollock and his partner Lee Krasner, Mark Rothko, Willem de Kooning, Clyfford Still, Franz Kline, Arshile Gorky, Robert Motherwell, Barnett Newman and Philip Guston and together they formed a New York school.

The main focus of this movement was the colour, the relationship between the paint and the canvas and the process.
 

This image above is an example of Abstract Expressionism. This movement was created by the process of abstraction and expressionist. It became less popular in the 1960's because Pop art, a new movement, was newer and they focused more on that movement instead of Abstract Expressionism.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bibliography:

Abstract Expressionism | Thematic Essay | Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History | The Metropolitan Museum of Art. 2013. Abstract Expressionism | Thematic Essay | Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History | The Metropolitan Museum of Art. [ONLINE] Available at: http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/abex/hd_abex.htm. [Accessed 19 May 2013].
 
ArtLex on Abstract Expressionism. 2013. ArtLex on Abstract Expressionism. [ONLINE] Available at: http://www.artlex.com/ArtLex/a/abstractexpr.html. [Accessed 19 May 2013].

MoMA | The Collection | Abstract Expressionism. 2013. MoMA | The Collection | Abstract Expressionism. [ONLINE] Available at: http://www.moma.org/collection/theme.php?theme_id=10051. [Accessed 20 May 2013].

Abstract Expressionism - Modern art history. 2013. Abstract Expressionism - Modern art history. [ONLINE] Available at: http://www.allbuyart.com/art-movement-abstract-expressionism.asp. [Accessed 20 May 2013].

abstract expressionism - Google Search. 2013. abstract expressionism - Google Search. [ONLINE] Available at: https://www.google.com.mt/search?q=abstract+expressionism&bav=on.2,or.r_cp.r_qf.&bvm=bv.46751780,d.ZWU&biw=1188&bih=667&pdl=300&um=1&ie=UTF-8&hl=en&tbm=isch&source=og&sa=N&tab=wi&authuser=0&ei=YlyaUYC8FYSfO5_ogJgB#imgrc=fzsD_lZeRiFtuM%3A%3BJCziDj1eFzftSM%3Bhttp%253A%252F%252Fwww.metmuseum.org%252Ftoah%252Fimages%252Fh2%252Fh2_57.92.jpg%3Bhttp%253A%252F%252Fwww.metmuseum.org%252Ftoah%252Fhd%252Fabex%252Fhd_abex.htm%3B500%3B253. [Accessed 20 May 2013].
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